DOM Navigation: Why eCommerce Sites Are So Hard for Agents
Sophia Willows
Head of Engineering @ Rye
Aug 29, 2025
DOM changes break most shopping agents. Rye’s Universal Checkout API adapts with self-healing workflows to enable true agentic commerce.
The Real Challenges of DOM Navigation
More than many other kinds of websites, e-commerce sites create many challenges for agents, notably:
Dynamic layouts: Merchants redesign pages frequently and unpredictably. A button that was in the same place for months may shift IDs, change location, or disappear in an A/B test tomorrow.
Conditional flows: Different users see different checkout paths based on region, shipping rules, or inventory availability. An agent that succeeds in buying a golf club in Florida may be unable to buy an umbrella in Idaho from the same site.
Popups and overlays: Newsletter signups, discount offers, or cookie banners often obscure the checkout path. A human dismisses them as casually as swatting a fly; an agent can get stuck and fail.
Honeypots: Some sites insert invisible elements under the outdated premise that all bots trying to buy things are bad. They don’t affect humans, but they can mislead automated flows into taking actions that mark them as suspicious.
Each of these agentic browsing challenges has occupied many research teams. An agent that doesn’t have a strong approach for all of them cannot credibly be considered universal.
Rye's Approach
Why Solving DOM Navigation Matters
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